Repeated Medical PG Question- 105

#PHARMACOLOGY (NEET-PG)

Q- A patient with diabetes and COPD developed postoperative urinary retention. Which of the following drugs can be used for short term treatment to relieve the symptoms of this person? 

          A. Bethanechol 

          B. Methacholine 

          C. Terazosin 

          D. Tamsulosin

ANSWER= A. Bethanechol

Explain:- Bethanechol is a preferred drug in the treatment of postpartum and postoperative nonobstructive urinary retention, and it also can counteract bladder dysfunction often seen with phenothiazines and tricyclic antidepressants. It can afford symptomatic relief in congenital megacolon and gastroesophageal reflux but is rarely used for these.

 

Q- Which of the following drugs acts by inhibiting the transcription of DNA to RNA? 

             A. Rifampicin 

             B. Nitrofurantoin 

             C. Ciprofloxacin 

             D. Novobiocin

ANSWER= A. Rifampicin
Explain:- Overall inhibition of RNA synthesis by rifampicin is caused by a destabilizing effect on the binding of the intermediate oligonucleotides to the active enzyme-DNA complex. Rifampicin itself can only interact specifically with RNA polymerase if the enzyme is free or in a binary complex with DNA.

 

 

Q- A patient was recently started on Fluphenazine. A few weeks later, he developed tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and excessive salivation. The first line of management for this patient is 

           A. Selegiline 

           B. Trihexyphenidyl 

           C. Pramipexole 

           D. Amantadine

ANSWER= B. Trihexyphenidyl
Explain:- Fluphenazine may block the effects of agents used to treat Parkinson's disease such as levodopa/carbidopa. Trihexyphenidylis an antispasmodic drug that exerts a direct inhibitory effect on the parasympathetic nervous system. It also has a relaxing effect on smooth muscle. It is indicated in all forms of Parkinsonism. Trihexyphenidyl works as an anticholinergic and is used for the treatment of tremors, spasms, stiffness, and weak muscle control seen in patients with Parkinson’s disease. It can also be used for the prevention or treatment of similar muscular conditions which are caused by certain central nervous system (CNS) drugs such as fluphenazine, haloperidol, chlorpromazine.