Repeated Medical PG Question- 52

 

#ANATOMY (NEET-PG)

Q. Axis artery of lower limb is derived from ?

        A. Natal artery

        B. 1st lumbar intersegmental artery

        C. 5th lumbar intersegmental artery

        D. Sacral artery

Answer is C. 5th lumbar intersegmental artery

Axis artery :

🔹During fetal life (development), each limb is supplied by an axis artery that is derived from intersegmental arteries.

🔹The axis artery runs along the central axis of the limb.

Upper limb axis artery:

🔹Derived from: Seventh cervical  intersegmental artery

🔹Derivatives: Axillary artery, branchial artery, Anterior interosseous artery & Deep palmer arch 

Lower limb axis artery:

🔹Derived from: 5th lumbar intersegmental artery

🔹Derivatives: Inferior gluteal artery, Arteria nervi ischiadici, Popliteal artery above popliteus, Lower part of peroneal artery & Some parts of plantar arch

Q- In a 24 year old man weight of the upper limb is transmitted to the axial skeleton by?

            A. Coracoacromial ligament

            B. Coracoclavicular ligament

            C. Costoclavicular ligament

             D. Coracohumeral ligament

Answer is B. Coracoclavicular ligament

The axial skeleton shapes the longitudinal axis of the human body. Coracoclavicular ligament suspends the scapula from the lower one third of the clavicle and forms a strong bond between them. The weight of the upper limb is transmitted to the axial skeleton through this ligament. A fracture of the clavicle, medial to the attachment of this ligament leads to drooping of upper limb.

Q- Common carotid artery divides at the level of:

        A. Hyoid bone

       B. Cricoid cartilage

       C. Superior border of thyroid cartilage

       D. Inferior border of thyroid cartilage

Answer is C. Superior border of thyroid cartilage

The common carotid artery divides into internal and external branches at the level of the fourth cervical vertebra which also corresponds to the upper border of the thyroid cartilage. 

Branches of External carotid artery are:

Superior thyroid artery

Lingual artery

Facial artery

Ascending pharyngeal artery

Occipital artery

Posterior auricular artery

Maxillary artery

Superficial temporal artery 

Branches of Internal carotid artery:

Cervical portion has no branches

Branches from other portions are:

Tympanic branch

Artery of the pterygoid canal

Cavernous branches

Hypophyseal branches

Anterior meningeal branch

Ophthalmic artery

Anterior cerebral artery

Middle cerebral artery

Posterior communicating artery

Anterior choroidal artery