Repeated Medical PG Question- 36

#PSM (NEET-PG)

Which of the following comes under concurrent list ? 

A. International immigration for quarantine

B. Prevention of communicable diseases

C. Mines and oilfield workers rules

D. Establishment and maintenance of drug standards

 

Answer is B: Prevention of communicable diseases

Union list- Functions of the Union Government Only 

•International health regulations and port quarantine  

•Administration of central institutes (AIIMS) 

•Promote research and research bodies (ICMR) 

•Regulation of medical, dental and nursing profession 

•Establishment and maintenance of drug standards 

•Census and other data publications

•Immigration and emigration  

•Regulation of labor in working of mine and oil fields 

•Coordination with states in promotion of health

Concurrent List- Responsibilities of Both State End Central Government

•Prevention of communicable disease

•Prevention of adulteration of food 

•Control of drugs and poisons  

•Vital statistics  

•Labor welfare 

•Port other than major 

•Economic and social planning  

•Population control and family planning

Q- Risk of genetic diseases in consanguineous marriage between first cousins?

         A.1-2%

         B. 4-8%

         C. 8-10%

         D. 12-14%

Answer: B. 4-5%

▪️Consanguinity is a marriage between relatives and has various degrees. 

▪️Closely related Individuals have higher chance of caring the same alleles than those less closely related and therefore children from consanguineous marriages are mere frequently homozygous for various alleles than those from non-consanguineous unions.

▪️Generally speaking, frequency of congenital malformations among newborns of first cousin unions is about 2 times the frequency among the general population in other words instead of a rate of 2-3% of birth defects in the gener population on the risk to first cousin couples is around 4-5%.

Q- Paired T test is defined ?

A. Test used to assess quantitative observations before and after an intervention

B.Test that is used when the observationare in the form of proportions 

C. Test applied when separate observationsare made on individuals of two separate groups, and these need to be compared

D. None

Answer is A.Test used to assess quantitative observations before and after an intervention

▪️Test used to assess quantitative observations before and after an intervention is Paired t-tests.

▪️The paired t-test is used to compare the values of means from two related samples, for example in a before and after scenario.The difference between the means of the samles is unlikely to be equal to zero (duet to sampling variation) and the hypothesis test is designed to Answer the questons " Is the observed difference sufficiently large enough to indicate that the alternative hypothesis is true."

▪️The answer comes in the form a probability- the p-value